|
Iron
Iron (or rust)
in water is a common
problem. Since iron makes up 5% of the earth's crust, water absorbs it as it
passes through the ground and into underground aquifers, wells, and surface
waters. Unfortunately, iron creates some annoying problems. Iron is often
found in well water, although city water users may occasionally experience
it, too.
Iron typically appears as
rusty, orange, or brown stains, streaks or spots on clothing. Iron also
appears on bathtubs, sinks, and faucets. Even small amounts of iron can
cause problems. Iron in concentrations as low as 300 parts per billion can
cause staining. Iron staining can be difficult to remove. Cleaning may
require the use of acids to dissolve it chemically from fixtures. Iron
can also clog pipes and damage the internal parts of water-using
appliances. Iron has a distinct bitter, metallic taste.
Iron typically exists in water in two common forms:
 |
ferrous (or clear water iron) |
|
|
ferric (red water iron) |
Ferrous iron is in a dissolved state within
a water supply and cannot be filtered through a typical cartridge filter.
When the ferrous iron reacts with oxygen in the air, it literally rusts to
become ferric iron. Ferric iron turns the water a hazy, reddish-brown color
and makes it very unappealing. Ferric iron stains bathtubs, sinks, and
fixtures when it comes in contact with them. In some cases, water may
already carry ferric iron when it's drawn from a faucet, and may appear
discolored. |
Manganese
Manganese, an element closely
related to iron, can also cause the problems described above.
Stains are usually darker in color, appearing dark brown to black, but
treatment options are generally the same as those used against iron.
Manganese is not as common as iron in this area, and is not usually in as
high of concentrations.
|
|
